We hope that this report becomes an important reference to guide efforts supporting biodiversity conservation and sustainable use, as well as the fair. Revision notes on biodiversity and conservation askiitians. The salient features regarding the economical potential of biodiversity are given below. While biodiversity will be addressed explicitly at the 8th session of the open working. If youre seeing this message, it means were having trouble loading external resources on our website. Revision notes on biodiversity and conservation 1 the vast array of species of microorganisms, algae, fungi, plants and animals occurring on the earth either in the terrestrial or aquatic habitats and the. Only about 5% of natural habitats remain in relatively pristine condition, with another. Governance and loss of biodiversity article pdf available in nature 4266962.
The term biodiversity was coined as a contraction of biological diversity by e. Green college, oxford university, upper meadow, old road, headington, oxford ox3 8sz, uk. Endemic species are those species that are found in a certain limited area. Global mammal distributions, biodiversity hotspots, and. Defined as the richness in variety and variability of a species of all. Biological diversity generally refers to the variety and variability within species, between species and between ecosystems. Biodiversity and human health secretariat of the convention on. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Choose from 500 different sets of quiz biology conservation biodiversity 1 flashcards on quizlet. The fact that a very large proportion of the worlds forests are used for the production of timber, and that. Biodiversity is the most precious gift of nature mankind is blessed with. Chapter notes biodiversity, class 12, biology edurev notes. Types, importance and conservation methods with diagram article shared by.
Two of the twelve biodiversity hotspots in the world are in india. These are terms im going to expect you to know and that i might ask you to define in an exam. Use the arrow keys on the right side of the page to scroll up and down each section. Hotspots, which have played a central role in the selection of sites for reserves, require careful rethinking. Enhancing biodiversity conservation in production forests the greatest threat to forest biodiversity is the conversion of natural forests into other land uses. Lovera biodiversity, which includes ecosystems like forests. Plants and animals constitute only a small component of biodiversity.
In the context of conserving biodiversity, reid and miller. A national approach to biodiversity decline improved knowledge of biodiversity condition and status, and better decisionmaking for biodiversity conservation engagement of the full capacity of governments, landholders, industries, nongovernment organisations and communities to conserve australias biodiversity assets. Tst issues brief biodiversity final united nations. Studying patterns and processes of vertebrate biodiversity. Simpsons index of diversity in ecology, this index is used to quantify the biodiversity of a habitat. The term that is used to define this crowd of organisms that populate every corner of the planet, and that have adapted even to the most extreme environments, is biodiversity or biological diversity.
Safeguarding biological diversity page 1 of 26 executive summary biodiversity the diversity of life on earth at all levels is declining, mainly as a result of humaninduced pressures such as overexploitation of natural resources, loss of viable habitats, pollution, climate change or invasive alien species. Biodiversity related development finance is defined as activities that promote at least one of the three objectives of the convention. This document is highly rated by class 12 students and has been viewed. Usually three levels of biodiversity are discussedgenetic, species, and ecosystem. It is the source of food for all animals and humans. Biodiversity may be defined as the variety and variability of living organisms and the ecological complexes in which they exist. Assessment and management of alien species that threaten ecosystems, habitats and species. The conservation of native biodiversity appears to be the theme of biodiversity conservation texts wilson and peter, 1988.
Ecosystems need a balanced and diverse number of species to. A unique combinations of dif ferent plants and animal. Biodiversity and forest management concepts to consider when developing a forest management strategy scott haulton forestry wildlife specialist indiana dnr division of forestry. Biodiversity underpins the health and vitality of forests and is the basis for a wide range of ecosystem services necessary for peoples livelihoods and wellbeing. Convention on biodiversity objectives, programs, compliance by the state of kuwait done by. This esheet is a part of the introducing biodiversity. The exploring biodiversity project is designed so that students will learn about the importance of biodiversity, research a specific habitat, and ultimately create an argument, supported by evidence, for preserving biodiversity. Do you know that the invisible microor ganisms constitute a lar ge component of biodiversity. Apr 20, 2020 chapter notes biodiversity, class 12, biology edurev notes is made by best teachers of class 12. This conservation includes the conservation of their habitat, heredity and ecosystem. Biological diversity or biodiversity is the variety of life on earth. We at the center for biodiversity outcomes at arizona state university address this need for broad participation through our commitment to interdisciplinary collaboration and multistakeholder engagement, while drawing on a long history of conservation biology research at asu. A region containing at least 1,500 endemic species of vascular plants that has lost 70% of its original habitat, making it. The needs of conservation of biodiversity are as follows.
Shannons diversity index the shannons diversity index is an information index which measures biodiversity based on the principle that. Case study amphibians 1 habitat destruction fragmentation alteration. In this unit we will see how diversity changes through. Action 7 is to ensure no net loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. It also refers to the interrelatedness of genes, species, and ecosystems and their interactions with the environment. The biodiversity strategy sets out 6 targets and 20 specific actions geared towards this overall objective. As all the organisms in an ecosystem are interlinked and interdependent, the value of.
We carried out a global examination of distributions of all nonmarine mammals to. Biodiversity notes short for biological diversity what does this mean. Sustainable use of biodiversity to use biodiversity in a sustainable manner means to use natural resources at a rate that the earth can renew them. Rich forest biological resources, used wisely, can generate invaluable economic, social and cultural benefits. Habitat destruction has driven much of the current biodiversity extinction crisis, and it compromises the essential benefits, or ecosystem services, that humans derive from functioning ecosystems. Studying patterns and processes of vertebrate biodiversity in nature allows for experimental. Much has been published on the subject since its first appearance at the national forum on biodiversity in september, 1986, the proceedings of which became the bestseller, biodiversity. Biodiversity is a generic term that can be related to many environments and species, for example, forests, freshwater, marine and temperate environments, the soil, crop plants, domestic animals, wild species.
That is what makes our country one of the 12 mega diversity countries of the world. The loss of biodiversity is dangerous and its consequences are immediate. Safeguarding biological diversity page 1 of 26 executive summary biodiversity the diversity of life on earth at all levels is declining, mainly as a result of humaninduced pressures such as over. Natural environment, resources and development notes diversity, ii species diversity and iii ecosystem diversity. The eu is committed to halt the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of ecosystem services by 2020. Its a way to ensure that we meet the needs of both. Forests and biodiversity joint position paper by members of the cbd alliance1 and the global forest coalition2 atlantic forest, brazil. In nepal, animals and birds of one geographical region are. The big idea of this project is for students to learn the importance of biodiversity. Biological living organisms plants and animals diversity variety species diversity number of species in a given area. The major fuel sources of the world including wood and fossil fuels have their origin due to biodiversity.
On the decline of biodiversity due to area loss nature. Biodiversity is a broad totality and often embraces elements beyond species diversity or numbers. Protection of existence of living beings there are innumerable living beings on the earth. Biodiversity conservation is the conservation of all living beings. For example, a major debate in biological sciences over many decades has been that of pattern versus. The current state of biological diversity biodiversity.
Genetic diversity is the total genetic informationcontained in the genes of all the species. To check your understanding of this lesson, visit what do you know. It includes species that are not well known, such as microorganisms or invertebrates. Notes on needs of conservation of biodiversity grade 10. Current climate change and human alteration of landscapes influence biodiversity in many unforeseen ways6.
Biodiversity conservation provides substantial benefits to meet immediate human needs, such as clean, consistent water flows, protection from floods and storms and a stable climate. The status of biodiversity in jordan remains unsatisfactory and facing numerous challenges and constraints. Again use the introducing biodiversity student sheet to help you go through this section and answer questions about it. The biology of biodiversity must include all the aspects of evolutionary and ecological sciences analyzing the origin, changes, and maintenance of the di versity of living organisms. The diminishing of the earths biological diversity has consequences far more profound than other, sometimes more widely recognized, environmental dilemmas. Use the introducing biodiversity student sheet to help you move through this activity and answer questions about the three different ecosystems in the resource. Background paper on biodiversity significance of north east india for the study on natural resources, water and environment nexus for development and growth in north eastern india sudipto chatterjee, abhinandan saikia, pijush dutta, dipankar ghosh, govinda pangging, anil k. Shannons diversity index the shannons diversity index is an information index which measures biodiversity based on the principle that diversity can be measured much like the information contained in a code or message e. The diversity of societies, cultures and languages that has developed throughout human history is intimately related to biodiversity and its use. Biodiversity in the watershed today the flathead watershed is rich in terrestrial and aquatic wildlife habitat. Introduction to biodiversity center for biodiversity. Conservation international, 2501 m street nw, washington, dc 20037, usa. Today biodiversity, which benefits human life in vari ous ways, is threatened by the expansion of human activities. Background paper on biodiversity significance of north east india.
When reading the material in the text book, you should pay attention to all terms that are highlighted in bold face. Our forests, meadows, lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands, and riparian corridors are home to a diverse community of large carnivores, ungulates hoofed animals, small mammals, amphibians, reptiles, birds, fish, and aquatic and land insects. Biodiversity includes the diversity within species and between different species within terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. This is the fifth national report on biodiversity reporting the kingdoms progress on the implementation of the convention on biological diversity. Indoburma is one of the most threatened biodiversity hotspots, due to the rate of resource exploitation and habitat loss. Some of the biodiversity indices which we can calculate are. Nearly 45,000 species of plants and twice as many of animals have been recorded from india. Many recently published sources, especially the multiauthor volume synopsis and classification of living organisms, indicate that about 1. The report addresses the country biodiversity on three levels. Pdf global conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Fao, harvard school of public health hsph, platform for agrobiodiversity. Short for biological diversity, biodiversity includes all organisms, species, and populations. The earth is populated by an incredible number of different living creatures. Read each question and click on the white dot next to the correct answer.
Learn quiz biology conservation biodiversity 1 with free interactive flashcards. Inbio national institute of biodiversity costa rica ipieca international petroleum industry environmental conservation association iucn the world conservation union mcpa marine and coastal protected areas nbsaps national biodiversity strategies and action plans ngos nongovernmental organizations. The concept of biodiversity has provoked considerable debate and misunderstanding among the general public, decisionmakers, and even the scientific community. Pdf global conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem. They are the northeastern region and the western ghats.
Biodiversity is the variety of all life forms on earth the different plants, animals and microorganisms and the ecosystems of which they are a part. Biodiversity threats weston w sechrest,university of virginia, charlottesville, virginia, usa thomas m brooks, center for applied biodiversity science conservation international, washington dc, usa any direct or indirect human activity that threatens the planets biological diversity in the. Introduction to biodiversity center for biodiversity outcomes. The worlds riches i student workbook key unit vocabulary lesson 1 biodiversity hotspot. Only about 5% of natural habitats remain in relatively pristine condition, with another 10 to 25% of the land in damaged, but ecologically functional, condition. Biodiversity science for humans and nature 8 origin and evolution of biodiversity the diversity department addresses the need to compare evolutionary and ecological processes evolutionary ecology to gain insight into mechanisms underlying biodiversity dynamics. Biodiversity and conservation although india h as only 2. Nov 17, 2015 on the decline of biodiversity due to area loss. Ministry of the environment secretariat of biodiversity and.
Goswami wwfindia, 172 b lodi estate new delhi 30 jun 2006. Biodiversity the term biodiversity was coined by walter g. Biodiversity forms the major resource for different industries, which govern the world economy. Conversely, others argued that an important component of biodiversity is maintained by traditional farming techniques. It includes all living things, not just the plants and animals that are common or easily seen. This work is licensed under a creative commons attribution 4. Levels of biodiversitybiodiversity is the variety of all species, their genetic information they contain and the ecosystems they form. Biodiversity loss can have significant direct human health impacts if.
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